قالب:Smallcaps

{{{1}}}

Template documentation

This documentation is transcluded from قالب:Smallcaps/doc. (edit | history)

{{Smallcaps}} will display the lowercase part of your text as a soft format of typographical small caps.
For example: {{Smallcaps|Beware of Dog}} → Beware of Dog.

This template should be avoided or used sparingly in articles, as the Manual of Style advises that small caps should be avoided and reduced to one of the other title cases or normal case, and that markup should be kept simple.

Smallcaps should not be used for BC, AD, BCE, CE, etc., per MOS:ERA, though they are used in the below examples.

For display of acronyms/initialisms in small caps, use {{Smallcaps2}} (a.k.a. {{sc2}}) instead.

Usage

Your source text is not altered in the output, only the way it is displayed on the screen: a copy-paste of the text will give the small caps sections in their original form; similarly, an older or non-CSS browser will only display the original text on screen.

Code

{{Smallcaps|Utada}} Hikaru

Displayed

Utada Hikaru

Pasted

Utada Hikaru

This template is therefore intended for the use of caps as a typographic style, such as rendering family names in bibliographies in small caps to distinguish them from given names. It should not be used for acronyms or abbreviations which are supposed to be capitalized regardless of style. For such cases, use {{Smallcaps2}}.

As of February 2016, this template cannot be used in citation templates like {{Cite journal}} to small-cap author names or titles of works in citation styles that call for such typography. See "Notes", below for details.

Technical notes

{{TOC right}} forces the auto-generated Table of Contents for a page to appear in a table that is floated to the right side of the page, in order to improve page layout.

Usage

Insert {{TOC right}} at the point in the page where you want the top of the Table of Contents box to appear. Use with {{-}} or {{clear}} to prevent collision with text; use the clear parameter (see below) to prevent collision with images.

Parameters (optional)

clear

Sets the CSS clear property, which forces this float underneath the side specified with this attribute. So, clear=right (which is the default) will place the element after all the right floating elements before it. Options are left, right, both, or none.

width

Set the CSS width.

limit

Limits the depth of subheadings shown. For instance using limit=4 will hide the fourth level and deeper subheadings in the hierarchy. And limit=2 will hide all subheadings leaving only the main headings. This is implemented as a CSS class in the MediaWiki:Common.css/toc.css.

• Avoid placing the TOC in a visually poor location. Crossing a section division is probably a poor idea.
• If the TOC is floated left of a bulleted list, the bullets will be hidden.

Cautions

Do not place this template so that the TOC aligns with a large image or infobox; this breaks the layout on narrow screens (even users with screens as wide as 1024px wide can have problems). Also, a TOC that crosses a section division is probably a poor idea, if that can be avoided.

Unless the section in which the {{TOC right}} is placed is long enough, the result may well be undesirable.

It should only be used in cases where the TOC gets in the way of other content or is detrimental to the layout of the page. See Help:Editing#Floating the TOC for further guidelines.

See also

• {{TOC}}
• {{TOC left}}

The template {{anchor}} inserts one or more HTML anchors in a page. Those locations can then be linked to using [[#link|...]] syntax.

Examples

1. {{smallcaps|foo}}

could be linked to with [[#foo|...]] from within the same page,

or it could be linked to with [[pagename#foo|...]] from other pages and from redirects.

2. Anchors can be more suitable for inter-page linking than section titles are. For example,

=={{smallcaps|foo}} Section title ==

Here, links via [[articlename#foo]] would remain valid even if the section were renamed.

3. The template can be used to create up to ten anchors with a single call. For example,

{{smallcaps|foo|bar|baz}}

will create three anchors that can then be linked to with [[#foo]], [[#bar]] and [[#baz]].

Specifying more than 10 anchors will cause an error message to be displayed.

Limitations

• Anchor names that contain # (hash), | (pipe), = (equal) will not work as expected. Most other characters, including white space and punctuation are not a problem.
• The template can create a maximum of 10 anchors. Specifying more than 10 anchors will result in an error message.
• Putting each anchor name on separate lines, for example

{{smallcaps

|humpty
|dumpty}}

will probably not work as expected.

• Anchor names should be unique on a page, and should not duplicate any heading titles. Duplicate anchors won't work as expected since the #links go to the first anchor with that name. Duplicate anchors also result in invalid HTML, so you can check for duplicate anchors by consulting the W3C Markup Validation Service.
• If the template is added to a section title then the code will appear in the edit summary when that section is edited, as in "/* {{anchor|Issues}}Limitations */ New issue". This can be fixed by deleting the template code from the edit summary before the changes are saved.

• Diacritics (å, ç, é, ğ, ı, ñ, ø, ş, ü, etc.) are handled. However, because text formatting is performed by each reader's browser and fonts, inconsistencies in CSS implementations can lead to some browsers not converting certain rare diacritics.
• Use of this template does not generate any automatic categorization. As with most templates, if the argument contains an = sign, the sign should be replaced with {{=}}, or the whole argument be prefixed with |1=. And for wikilinks, you need to use piping. There is a parsing problem with MediaWiki which causes unexpected behavior when a template with one style is used within a template with another style.
• There is a problem with dotted and dotless I. {{Lang|tr|{{Smallcaps|ı i}}}} may gives you ı ı, although the language is set to Turkish, unless the font including localized glyphs for small caps variant.
• Do not use this inside Citation Style 1 or Citation Style 2 templates, or this template's markup will be included in the COinS metadata. This means that reference management software such as Zotero will have entries corrupted by the markup. For example, if {{smallcaps}} is used to format the surname of Bloggs, Joe in {{cite journal}}, then Zotero will store the name as <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Bloggs</span>, Joe. This is incorrect metadata. If the article that you are editing uses a citation style that includes small caps, either format the citation manually (see examples below) or use a citation template that specifically includes small caps in its formatting, like {{Cite LSA}}.
• This template will not affect the use of HTML character entities like  .
• Technically, the template is a wrapper for: font-variant: small-caps.
• A potential alternative CSS approach, font-variant: small-caps; text-transform: lowercase;, has not been used because it did not work in Internet Explorer 5 and 6, and it is implemented inconsistently in others: it copy-pastes as the original text in Firefox, but as the altered text in Chrome, Safari, Opera, and text-only browsers.

Suppressing small caps

If you wish to suppress the display of small caps in your browser, as a logged-in user, you can make an edit to your common.css reading:

span.smallcaps { font-feature-settings: 'smcp' !important; }

Examples

	Code	Display (screen)
Y	{{Smallcaps|The ''Name'' of the 2nd Game}}	The Name of the 2nd Game
Y	Leonardo {{Smallcaps|DiCaprio}} (born 1974)	Leonardo DiCaprio (born 1974)
Y	José {{Smallcaps|Álvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga}}	José Álvarez de Toledo y Gonzaga
Y	{{Smallcaps|Nesbø, Vågen, Louÿs, Zúñiga, Kabaağaçlı}}	Nesbø, Vågen, Louÿs, Zúñiga, Kabaağaçlı
When your text uses an = sign:
N	{{Smallcaps|You and Me = Us}}	{{{1}}}
Y	{{Smallcaps|You and Me = Us}}	You and Me = Us
Y	{{Smallcaps|You and Me {{=}} Us}}	You and Me = Us
Y	{{Smallcaps|1=You and Me = Us}}	You and Me = Us
When your text uses a template:
N	in {{Smallcaps|Fiddler's {{Green{{!}}Green}}}} forever	Green}} forever
Y	in {{Smallcaps|1=Fiddler's {{Green|Green}}}} forever	in Fiddler's Green forever
Y	in {{Smallcaps|Fiddler's {{Green|Green}}}} forever	in Fiddler's Green forever
Y	{{Green|1=in {{Smallcaps|Fiddler's Green}} forever}}	in Fiddler's Green forever
Y	{{Colors|green|yellow|3=in {{Smallcaps|Fiddler's Green}} forever}}	in Fiddler's Green forever
When your text uses a | pipe:
N	{{Smallcaps|Before|afteR}}	Before
N	{{Smallcaps|1=Before{{!}}afteR}}	afteR
Y	{{Smallcaps|Before|afteR}}	Before|afteR
When your text uses a link:
N	[[{{Smallcaps|Mao}} Zedong]]	[[Mao Zedong]]
Y	[[Mao Zedong|{{Smallcaps|Mao}} Zedong]]	Mao Zedong

Note that most of these uses are not sanctioned by the WP:Manual of Style and should be avoided in article prose.

Reasons to use small caps

Small caps are useful for encyclopedic and typographical uses including:

To lighten ALL-CAPS surnames mandated by citation styles such as Harvard

Note that this template should not be used inside CS1 or CS2 citation templates, such as {{cite book}} or {{citation}}; see #Notes above for details and alternatives.

• Piccadilly has been compared to "a Parisian boulevard" (Dickens 1879).
• Dickens, C. Jr (1879). "Piccadilly" in Dickens's Dictionary of London. London: C. Dickens.[١]

To disambiguate Western names and surnames at a glance

• Many Hispanic names are tricky to decompose:
  • Jorge Luis Borges, but Adolfo Bioy (both filed under "B")
  • José Álvarez, Marqués de los Trujillos
• And many Hispanic names are better known by their second surname:
  • Pablo Ruiz Picasso, Federico García Lorca, Emir Rodríguez Monegal, José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero
• Many names (Martín, Miguel, Ramón, Tomás, etc.) can be either forename or surname:
  • Juan Martín Hernández vs. Rafael Martín Vázquez (two ball players)
• Hungarian names natively use the surname-first order:
  • Petőfi Sándor is usually westernized Sándor Petőfi

To disambiguate Eastern surnames and given names at a glance

• Most Chinese names and Korean names retain their surname-first order:
  • Mao Zedong fought Chiang Kai-shek
  • The movie Oldboy by Park Chan-wook starring Choi Min-sik was not seen by Kim Il-sung

Especially in Hong Kong and Macao, a Western given name may be added as well:

• Leslie Cheung Kwok-Wing

• Most Japanese names are reversed in the West, but not all:
  • (Akira Kurosawa or Motojirō Kajii are usually westernized)
  • But Matsuo Bashō, Ono no Komachi, Kaga no Chiyo (haiku poets known under their given name)
  • But Edogawa Ranpo (kept due to wordplay with "Edgar Allan Poe") vs. Ranpo Edogawa (some modern uses)
• Burmese names ignore the concept of forename/surname, but are adapted in the West:
  • Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, daughter of General Aung San ("Daw" is honorific, her name takes part of his name)
• And some Burmese names are so short they need to retain an honorific prefix (U for Mister, Daw for Madam, Thakin for Master) which is confusable with a forename or a surname:
  • U Nu ("Mister Nu"), a.k.a. Thakin Nu ("Master Nu")

To cite Unicode character names correctly without unwanted emphasizing.

• Such names are required to be written in capitals by the Unicode standard. Use {{Smallcaps2}}, not {{Smallcaps}}, for this: In running text, "U+022A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS AND MACRON" is a less visually distracting alternative to "U+022A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS AND MACRON". Unicode names should not be represented in mixed case, e.g. as {{Smallcaps|Latin Capital ...}}.

Comparison of the case transformation templates

Template	Shortcut	Purpose	Example	Output	Copy-pastes as
{{Smallcaps}}	{{sc1}} {{SC}}	No conversion, small-caps display, mixed case. No font size change (acronyms are unaffected). Common mixed-case heading style (not in Wikipedia). Uses: Rendering publication titles in citation styles that require them in small-caps.	{{sc1|UNICEF}} and 312 {{sc1|BCE}}	UNICEF and 312 BCE Mixed Case	UNICEF and 312 BCE Mixed Case
{{Smallcaps2}}	{{sc2}}	No conversion, small-caps display, mixed case. Slightly reduced font size. This is the conventional display of smallcaps for acronyms/initialisms in modern book typography. Other uses: Unicode character names.	{{sc2|UNICEF}} and 312 {{sc2|BCE}}	UNICEF and 312 BCE Mixed Case	UNICEF and 312 BCE Mixed Case
{{Smallcaps all}}	{{sc}}	Lowercase conversion, small-caps display, all uppercase. The size of lowercase letters. Uses: Stressed syllables (in {{Respell}}); and ???. : Default use will permanently change UPPER- or Mixed-Case data, does not work consistently across different browsers, and is not compatible with named HTML character entities.	{{sc|UNICEF}} and 312 {{sc|BCE}}	UNICEF and 312 BCE MIXED CASE	unicef and 312 bce mixed case (in many browsers)
{{Allcaps}}	{{caps}}	No conversion, all-caps display. The size of uppercase letters. Uses: ???.	{{caps|UNICEF}} and 312 {{caps|BCE}}	UNICEF and 312 BCE Mixed Case	UNICEF and 312 BCE Mixed Case
{{Nocaps}}		No conversion, all-lowercase display. The size of lowercase letters. Uses: ???.	{{nocaps|UNICEF}} and 312 {{nocaps|BCE}}	UNICEF and 312 BCE Mixed Case	UNICEF and 312 BCE Mixed Case

Templatedata

This is the TemplateData for this template used by TemplateWizard, VisualEditor and other tools. Click here to see a monthly parameter usage report for this template based on this TemplateData.

TemplateData for Smallcaps

لا وصف.

وسائط القالب

هذا القالب يفضل التنسيق بنفس السطر للوسائط.

وسيط		وصف	نوع	حالة
Text	1	دون وصف	غير معروف	مطلوب

See also

• {{Smallcaps2}}